Himachal
Explanation
The Himalayas consist of three parallel ranges in their longitudinal extent. These ranges are arranged from north to south based on their location and altitude.
- Himadri (Great or Inner Himalayas): This is the northernmost range. It is the most continuous range consisting of the loftiest peaks with an average height of 6,000 metres.
- Himachal (Lesser or Middle Himalayas): The range lying to the south of the Himadri is known as Himachal. It forms the most rugged mountain system and is composed mainly of highly compressed and altered rocks. The altitude varies between 3,700 and 4,500 metres.
- Shiwaliks (Outer Himalayas): This is the outermost range of the Himalayas, located south of the Himachal range.
Analysis of Other Options:
- Purvachal: These are the Eastern Hills and mountains running through the northeastern states of India, marking the eastern boundary of the Himalayas.
- Karakoram: This range is part of the Trans-Himalayas and lies to the north of the Himadri.
Key Takeaway: The longitudinal division of the Himalayas from North to South follows the order: Himadri → Himachal → Shiwaliks.