Correct Option
The correct option is (a) 1 only.
Explanation
Ocean currents play a significant role in marine ecology and local climate. The convergence zones where warm and cold ocean currents meet create specific environmental conditions that impact marine life and navigation.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The mixing of warm and cold currents results in the replenishment of oxygen and nutrients. This environment favors the growth of plankton, the primary food for fish. Consequently, these regions (e.g., the Grand Banks of Newfoundland where the Gulf Stream meets the Labrador Current) are among the most productive fishing grounds in the world.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: When warm, moist air blowing over a warm current comes into contact with the cold surface of a cold current, the moisture condenses. This leads to the formation of thick fog, resulting in very poor visibility rather than clear skies.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: These areas are not characterized by calm waters ideal for small boat navigation. The convergence of currents often leads to turbulent water conditions. Furthermore, the dense fog generated in these regions poses a significant hazard to navigation.
Key Takeaway: The meeting of warm and cold currents creates the world's best fishing grounds due to nutrient mixing but generates dense fog that hinders navigation.