The correct option is Auxin
Explanation
Parthenocarpy is the biological process wherein fruit development occurs without fertilization of the ovule, resulting in the production of seedless fruits. This process can be induced artificially through the application of specific plant growth regulators (phytohormones).Detailed
- Auxin: This is the correct answer. Auxins (such as Indole Acetic Acid or synthetic forms like NAA and 2,4-D) are extensively used in agriculture to induce parthenocarpy. Standard botanical texts specifically cite the application of auxins to induce parthenocarpy in tomatoes. The hormone stimulates the ovary to enlarge and develop into a fruit even in the absence of pollination and fertilization.
- Gibberellins (GA3): While Gibberellins are also capable of inducing parthenocarpy (often used in grapes and pears), the specific commercial and textbook application for tomatoes is primarily associated with Auxins.
- Abscisic Acid (ABA): This is incorrect. ABA is a growth-inhibiting hormone known as the "stress hormone." It regulates abscission and dormancy, not fruit set or parthenocarpy.
- Kinetin: This is incorrect. Kinetin is a Cytokinin, which is primarily responsible for promoting cell division (cytokinesis) and delaying leaf senescence. It is not the primary agent for inducing parthenocarpy.
Key Takeaway:
Auxins are the primary plant hormones applied to induce parthenocarpy (seedless fruits) in tomatoes.