The correct option is (c).
Explanation
A mineral is defined as a naturally occurring organic or inorganic substance, having an orderly atomic structure, a definite chemical composition, and distinct physical properties. Minerals serve as the fundamental building blocks of rocks.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Minerals possess specific and identifiable physical properties such as crystal form, cleavage, fracture, lustre, color, streak, transparency, hardness, and specific gravity.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: A fundamental characteristic of a mineral is that it has a definite chemical composition. While rocks are aggregates of minerals and lack a specific chemical formula, every mineral has a specific chemical makeup (e.g., Quartz is always SiO2).
- Statement 3 is Correct: By definition, minerals must be naturally occurring substances formed through geological processes. Synthetic equivalents created in laboratories are not classified as true minerals.
Key Takeaway:
To be classified as a mineral, a substance must be naturally occurring, possess an orderly atomic structure, and have a definite chemical composition.