The correct option is A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
Explanation
Crude oil (petroleum) is separated into various useful fractions through the process of fractional distillation. Each fraction consists of hydrocarbons with specific boiling points and is utilized for distinct industrial and domestic applications.- A. LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas): Matches with 1. LPG is a mixture of light hydrocarbons, primarily propane and butane. It is widely used as a clean-burning fuel for homes (cooking gas) and industries.
- B. Petrol (Gasoline): Matches with 4. This fraction is lighter than kerosene and diesel. It is primarily used as fuel for automobiles (motor fuel) and also serves as a solvent for dry cleaning.
- C. Bitumen: Matches with 3. Bitumen is the non-volatile residue left at the bottom of the fractionating column. It is highly viscous and is extensively used for road surfacing (metalling) and in the manufacturing of paints and waterproofing materials.
- D. Paraffin Wax: Matches with 2. This is a white, waxy solid obtained from heavy oil fractions. It is used in the production of candles, ointments, Vaseline, and grease.
Key Takeaway: Petroleum distillation yields specific products based on density and boiling point: LPG (fuel), Petrol (transport/solvent), Bitumen (roads/paints), and Paraffin Wax (candles/ointments).