Correct Option
The correct option is A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
Explanation
Ocean water is dynamic, exhibiting both horizontal and vertical movements. These movements are classified into waves, tides, and currents based on the forces generating them (such as wind, gravity, or seismic activity) and the nature of the water's motion.
Detailed Analysis
- A. Streams of water moving along definite paths (Matches 1: Ocean Current): Ocean currents are continuous, directed movements of seawater generated by forces acting upon the mean flow, such as breaking waves, wind, the Coriolis effect, and temperature/salinity differences. They are often described as "rivers" flowing within the ocean.
- B. Rhythmic rise and fall of ocean water twice a day (Matches 4: Tide): Tides refer to the periodic vertical rise and fall of sea levels, occurring once or twice a day. This movement is primarily caused by the combined gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun on the Earth.
- C. Harbour waves caused by earthquakes (Matches 3: Tsunami): "Tsunami" is a Japanese term meaning "harbour wave." These are a series of waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, typically due to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or underwater landslides. They are distinct from wind-generated waves.
- D. Rise and fall of water on the surface due to wind (Matches 2: Wave): Waves are oscillatory movements that result in the rise and fall of water on the surface. They are primarily generated by the friction of wind blowing across the water surface, transferring energy to the water.
Key Takeaway
Ocean Currents represent horizontal transport of water masses; Tides are vertical movements driven by gravitational forces; Waves are surface oscillations driven by wind energy; and Tsunamis are seismic sea waves caused by geological displacement.