The correct option is A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
Explanation
Elements in the periodic table exist in different physical states (solid, liquid, or gas) at room temperature based on their intermolecular forces and atomic structure. While most metals are solids and many non-metals are gases, there are specific exceptions regarding their states.Analysis of the Match:
- A. Mercury (Hg): Mercury is a metal that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It is the only common metal that is liquid under standard conditions. Hence, A matches with 3 (Liquid Metal).
- B. Oxygen (O): Oxygen is a non-metal that exists as a diatomic gas (O2) at room temperature. It is essential for respiration and combustion. Hence, B matches with 2 (Gas).
- C. Bromine (Br): Bromine is a halogen and a non-metal. It is distinct for being the only non-metal that is liquid at room temperature, appearing as a reddish-brown fuming liquid. Hence, C matches with 1 (Liquid Non-metal).
- D. Carbon (C): Carbon is a non-metal that exists in solid form at room temperature. It exhibits allotropy, existing as graphite, diamond, or fullerenes, all of which are solids. Hence, D matches with 4 (Solid).
Conclusion: The correct sequence is A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4.
Key Takeaway: At room temperature, Mercury is the only liquid metal, and Bromine is the only liquid non-metal. Most other metals are solids, while non-metals can be solids, liquids, or gases.