Correct Option
The correct option is A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
Explanation
The Richter Scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake, which relates to the energy released during the seismic event. It is a logarithmic scale, meaning each whole number increase represents a tenfold increase in wave amplitude and approximately 32 times more energy release. The impact of an earthquake varies significantly with its magnitude.
Analysis of the Match
The impact of earthquakes generally correlates with magnitude as follows:
- Magnitude 2.0 (Matches 4): Earthquakes of this magnitude are classified as micro-earthquakes. They are rarely felt by people, or felt only a little by those at rest or on upper floors of buildings.
- Magnitude 5.0 (Matches 2): This is considered a moderate earthquake. At this level, the shaking is strong enough to be felt by everyone. It typically causes damage from falling things (e.g., plaster, chimneys, or loose objects) but usually causes little structural damage to well-built buildings.
- Magnitude 6.0 (Matches 1): Earthquakes in this range are considered strong. They can be very strong and destructive in populated areas, potentially damaging earthquake-resistant structures and causing collapse in others.
- Magnitude 7.0 (Matches 3): This is classified as a major earthquake. It is capable of causing widespread and serious damage over large areas, including the collapse of buildings and bridges.
Key Takeaway
Magnitude 5.0 is the threshold where damage from falling objects typically begins, while Magnitude 7.0 and above are categorized as major earthquakes capable of widespread destruction.