Newton
Explanation
The unit of force is derived from Newton's Second Law of Motion, which states that Force ($F$) is the product of Mass ($m$) and Acceleration ($a$). The formula is expressed as $F = m \times a$.
Analysis of Options:
- Newton: In the International System of Units (SI), mass is measured in kilograms (kg) and acceleration in meters per second squared ($m/s^2$). Therefore, the unit of force is $kg \cdot m/s^2$. This specific derived unit is named the Newton (N).
- Dyne: This is the unit of force in the CGS (Centimeter-Gram-Second) system, defined as $g \cdot cm/s^2$. It is not the standard SI unit.
- Pascal: This is the SI unit of pressure or stress, defined as force per unit area ($N/m^2$).
- Joule: This is the SI unit of work or energy, defined as force applied over a distance ($N \cdot m$ or $kg \cdot m^2/s^2$).
Key Takeaway:
The Newton is the SI derived unit of force, defined as the force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram at a rate of one meter per second squared ($1 \ N = 1 \ kg \cdot m/s^2$).