The correct option is Detritus rich in lignin decomposes slowly.
Explanation
Decomposition is the process by which decomposers break down complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients. The rate of decomposition is primarily regulated by climatic factors (temperature and soil moisture) and the chemical composition of the detritus.
Analysis of Chemical Composition Effects
The chemical constituents of detritus significantly influence the speed at which decomposers can break it down:
- Inhibitory Substances: Decomposition is slower if the detritus is rich in substances that are difficult to degrade, such as lignin and chitin. Lignin is a complex polymer found in plant cell walls that is highly resistant to enzymatic breakdown by microbes.
- Promoting Substances: Decomposition is quicker if the detritus is rich in nitrogen and water-soluble substances like sugars. These compounds are easily accessible and metabolized by decomposers.
Therefore, detritus with high lignin content acts as a barrier to rapid decomposition, extending the time required for nutrient mineralization.
Key Takeaway: The rate of decomposition is inversely proportional to the lignin and chitin content of detritus and directly proportional to the content of nitrogen and water-soluble sugars.