The correct option is (a).
Explanation
Xylem is a type of complex permanent tissue found in vascular plants. It serves as the primary conducting tissue responsible for the upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from the root system to the aerial parts of the plant.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Xylem is a vascular tissue. Together with phloem, it forms the vascular bundles. Apart from conduction, the thick walls of xylem cells (tracheids and vessels) provide mechanical strength and support to the plant.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The transport of food (organic nutrients like sucrose) synthesized by leaves to other parts of the plant is the function of the Phloem. Xylem is exclusively responsible for the transport of water and minerals.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Xylem is not restricted to the roots. It forms a continuous, interconnected network of channels that extends from the roots, through the stem, and into the leaves (visible as veins). This continuity is essential for the transpiration pull mechanism.
Key Takeaway:
Xylem transports water and minerals unidirectionally (roots to leaves), while Phloem transports organic food materials bidirectionally (source to sink).