The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction in plants where new individuals are formed from the vegetative parts of the parent plant, rather than from reproductive organs or seeds.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Plants produced through vegetative propagation grow much faster than those grown from seeds. They bypass the seed germination and seedling establishment phases, allowing them to bear flowers and fruits earlier than plants raised from seeds.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Since vegetative propagation involves a single parent and does not involve the fusion of gametes, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent plant. These genetically identical individuals are referred to as clones.
- Statement 3 is Correct. This method involves the production of new plants from vegetative structures such as roots (e.g., Sweet potato, Dahlia), stems (e.g., Potato, Ginger), leaves (e.g., Bryophyllum), and buds.
Key Takeaway:
Vegetative propagation is a rapid method of asexual reproduction that produces genetically identical clones using vegetative parts like roots, stems, and leaves, significantly reducing the time required for maturity compared to seed propagation.