Correct Option
The correct option is (b).
Explanation
The seed dispersal mechanisms (specifically anemochory or wind dispersal) and the morphological adaptations of fruits and seeds. It tests the distinction between winged fruits and winged seeds.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect.
The "wing" of a maple seed is not a modification of the leaf. Botanically, the maple "seed" is actually a fruit called a samara. The wing is an extension of the pericarp (the ovary wall/fruit wall), which develops from the flower's ovary, not from vegetative leaves.
- Statement 2 is Correct.
The primary function of the wing-like structure is to facilitate wind dispersal. The wing increases the surface area, allowing the fruit to spin (autorotate) like a helicopter rotor as it falls. This delays its descent, enabling the wind to carry it further away from the parent tree to reduce competition.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect.
Wings are present in drumstick (Moringa oleifera) seeds. In drumstick, the seeds possess three papery wings which are developed from the seed coat (testa). While the origin of the wing differs (pericarp in maple vs. seed coat in drumstick), the structure itself is definitely present in drumstick seeds.
Key Takeaway
Maple fruits are Samaras (winged fruits) where the wing is a modified pericarp. Drumstick (Moringa) seeds are winged seeds where the wings are modified seed coats. Both adaptations serve the purpose of wind dispersal.