The correct option is (a).
Explanation
The question compares the propagation speeds of electromagnetic waves (light) and mechanical waves (sound) through the atmosphere.
Statement 1 is Correct: Light travels significantly faster than sound. The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 108 m/s (300,000 km/s). In contrast, the speed of sound in air is approximately 340 m/s. Due to this massive difference in magnitude, light reaches an observer almost instantaneously compared to sound.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: Because light travels faster than sound, the flash of lightning is seen before the sound of thunder is heard, even though both events occur simultaneously at the source. The time gap between seeing the lightning and hearing the thunder increases with the distance from the storm.
Statement 3 is Incorrect: The speed of sound in air at 25°C is approximately 346 m/s, not 346 km/s. The unit provided in the statement (km/s) exaggerates the speed by a factor of 1,000.
Key Takeaway: Light travels at approximately 300,000 km/s, whereas sound travels at approximately 340 m/s in air. Consequently, visual events (like lightning) are observed before their associated sounds (thunder) are heard.