Correct Option
The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Pole Star, also known as Polaris, is a bright star positioned approximately directly above the Earth's North Pole. Due to its alignment with the Earth's axis of rotation, it holds a unique significance in celestial navigation and astronomy.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The Pole Star does not appear to change its position in the sky. Unlike other stars that appear to rise in the east and set in the west due to the Earth's rotation, the Pole Star lies directly on the Earth's rotational axis extended into space. Consequently, it appears stationary to an observer on Earth.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Because it is situated almost directly above the geographic North Pole, the Pole Star always indicates the North direction. Historically, this property has made it an essential tool for travelers and sailors to determine direction during the night.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The position of the Pole Star can be easily located using the constellation Saptarishi (also known as Ursa Major or the Big Dipper). By imagining a straight line extending from the two "pointer stars" at the end of the Saptarishi's bowl, one can trace the line directly to the Pole Star.
Key Takeaway: The Pole Star is the only star that appears stationary in the night sky because it lies on the Earth's axis of rotation, and it serves as a reliable indicator of the North direction.