The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Coal tar is a byproduct obtained during the destructive distillation of coal (the process of heating coal in the absence of air to produce coke). It is a complex mixture containing approximately 200 different organic substances.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Coal tar is not a solid substance at room temperature. It is a highly viscous liquid.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Coal tar is characterized by a distinct, unpleasant, and pungent smell.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Physically, coal tar appears as a thick, black liquid.
Key Takeaway
Coal tar is a thick, black liquid with an unpleasant smell. It serves as a primary source for various organic compounds used in the synthesis of dyes, drugs, explosives, perfumes, plastics, and roofing materials.