The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Marine West Coast Climate (Köppen classification Cfb), also known as the Cool Temperate Western Margin climate, is typically located on the western sides of continents between latitudes 40° and 60° North and South. It is heavily influenced by the on-shore Westerlies and the moderating effects of the ocean.
- Statement 1 is Correct: The primary characteristic of this climate is the maritime influence. Since the ocean retains heat longer than land and warms up more slowly, the regions experience mild winters and cool summers. This results in a small annual range of temperature.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: These regions are characterized by high humidity, frequent cloud cover, and the constant flow of marine air. These factors prevent extreme heating during the day and extreme cooling at night. Consequently, the daily (diurnal) range of temperature is small.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Precipitation is reliable and occurs throughout the year due to the Westerlies and frequent cyclonic activity. The total amount varies significantly based on relief (orographic effect). Exposed mountainous coasts (e.g., Southern Chile, British Columbia) receive heavy rainfall (up to 250 cm), while lowlands receive moderate amounts (around 50-60 cm). Thus, the variation from 50-250 cm is accurate.
Key Takeaway: The Marine West Coast Climate is defined by an equable temperature regime with small annual and diurnal ranges, alongside reliable year-round precipitation driven by the Westerlies.