The correct option is (a).
Explanation
The Lakshadweep Islands constitute a Union Territory of India located in the Arabian Sea. Geologically and ecologically, they are distinct from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, primarily due to their coral origin.
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Lakshadweep group of islands is located off the Malabar coast of Kerala. They are scattered in the Arabian Sea, approximately 280 km to 480 km away from the coast.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The entire island group is composed of coral deposits. These are atolls formed by the accumulation of coral on submerged volcanic ridges. They are small in size, with a total land area of only 32 sq km.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Kavaratti Island serves as the administrative headquarters of the Lakshadweep Union Territory.
- Statement 4 is Incorrect: The Pitti Island is uninhabited and does not have any human settlement or industrial activity. It has been declared a bird sanctuary due to its ecological significance for avian species.
Key Takeaway: Lakshadweep is an archipelago of coral origin located off the Malabar coast, with Kavaratti as its capital. Pitti Island is an uninhabited bird sanctuary.