The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
A concave mirror is a converging mirror. The nature, size, and orientation of the image formed by a concave mirror depend significantly on the position of the object relative to the mirror's pole and principal focus.- Statement 1 is Incorrect: A concave mirror does not form only real images. While it forms real images for most object positions, it forms a virtual image when the object is placed between the pole (P) and the principal focus (F).
- Statement 2 is Correct: When the object is placed "very close" to the mirror (specifically, within the focal length, $u < f$), the image formed is virtual, erect, and magnified. This specific property makes concave mirrors useful as shaving mirrors, makeup mirrors, and dentist's mirrors, where a magnified view is required.
- Statement 3 is Correct: When the object is placed at a large distance (beyond the center of curvature or at infinity), the light rays converge in front of the mirror to form a real and inverted image. For example, if the object is at infinity, a highly diminished real image is formed at the focus.
Key Takeaway: A concave mirror forms a real and inverted image when the object is placed beyond the focus. It forms a virtual, erect, and magnified image only when the object is placed between the focus and the pole.