The correct option is (a).
Explanation
Gases are characterized by high compressibility, a property that distinguishes them significantly from solids and liquids. This physical characteristic is governed by the arrangement of particles and the intermolecular spaces within the state of matter.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The high compressibility of gases allows large volumes to be reduced significantly when pressure is applied. This enables the storage and transport of large quantities of gas in compact cylinders, such as oxygen cylinders used in hospitals.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The compressibility of gas is the fundamental principle behind fuels like Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). As the name suggests, CNG is natural gas compressed under high pressure, and LPG involves compressing petroleum gas into a liquid state for storage in cylinders.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Compressibility is possible due to the presence of large intermolecular spaces between gas particles. In the gaseous state, particles are far apart compared to their size. Applying pressure brings these particles closer together, reducing the volume. If there were an absence of space, compression would not be possible.
Key Takeaway: Gases are highly compressible due to the large empty spaces between their particles. This property is utilized practically in the storage and transport of fuels like CNG and LPG.