The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Ocean currents are streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite directions. They are primarily classified into warm and cold currents based on their temperature relative to the surrounding water.
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The direction of flow depends on the type of current. Warm ocean currents generally originate near the equator and move towards the poles. In contrast, cold ocean currents originate near the poles or higher latitudes and move towards the tropics or lower latitudes.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Gulf Stream is a major warm ocean current in the North Atlantic Ocean. It originates in the Gulf of Mexico and flows towards the North Atlantic, significantly moderating the climate of Western Europe.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Ocean currents have a profound influence on the temperature conditions of coastal areas. Warm currents raise the temperature of adjacent landmasses, while cold currents lower the temperature. For instance, the warm North Atlantic Drift keeps the ports of Norway ice-free during winter, whereas the cold Labrador Current lowers temperatures along the north-east coast of North America.
Key Takeaway: Ocean currents act as a global conveyor belt for heat distribution; warm currents flow from the equator to the poles, while cold currents flow from the poles to the equator, directly altering coastal climates.