Correct Option
The correct option is (c) 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
Human-made satellites are artificial objects intentionally placed into orbit around celestial bodies. They are distinct from natural satellites (such as the Moon) and are designed to facilitate telecommunications, weather forecasting, navigation, and scientific research.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Human-made satellites are artificial bodies designed by scientists to gather information about the universe or to facilitate communication.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Satellites cannot be launched directly from the Earth's surface without propulsion. They are carried by rockets (launch vehicles) to overcome Earth's gravitational pull and achieve the necessary velocity to enter a stable orbit.
- Statement 3 is Correct: INSAT (Indian National Satellite System) and EDUSAT (GSAT-3) are prominent examples of Indian satellites. INSAT is a series of multipurpose geostationary satellites, while EDUSAT was launched exclusively to serve the educational sector.
Key Takeaway: Artificial satellites are man-made objects placed in orbit using rockets to perform specific functions, such as communication (INSAT) and education (EDUSAT).