Correct Option
The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Matter is broadly classified into pure substances and mixtures. Mixtures are further categorized as homogeneous or heterogeneous based on the uniformity of particle distribution. A homogeneous mixture, often called a solution, is characterized by a uniform composition throughout its bulk.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Homogeneous mixtures have a uniform composition without any visible boundaries of separation between the constituents. The description provided in the statement (non-uniform composition with visible boundaries) applies to heterogeneous mixtures, such as oil in water or sand in salt.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Salt dissolved in water is a definitive example of a homogeneous mixture. The salt particles dissociate and distribute uniformly within the water, creating a single-phase solution where the components cannot be distinguished by the naked eye.
- Statement 3 is Correct. Unlike chemical compounds, which follow the Law of Definite Proportions (fixed ratio by mass), mixtures can have a variable composition. For instance, a salt solution can be dilute or concentrated depending on the amount of salt added, yet it remains a homogeneous mixture.
Key Takeaway
Homogeneous mixtures (solutions) possess uniform composition and no visible separation boundaries, while retaining the ability to have variable composition unlike pure compounds.