The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) is a premier road construction agency under the Ministry of Defence. It plays a pivotal role in developing and maintaining road networks in India's border areas and friendly neighboring countries.
- Statement 1 is Correct: The BRO was established on May 7, 1960, with the objective of coordinating the speedy development of road networks in the North and North-Eastern border regions. While its strategic role for the armed forces is paramount, its mandate explicitly includes contributing to the socio-economic development of border states by improving accessibility and connectivity in difficult, high-altitude terrain.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The scope of BRO is not restricted to the construction of new roads. It is extensively involved in the maintenance of existing road networks, snow clearance operations to keep strategic passes open, and the construction of bridges, tunnels, and airfields (Advanced Landing Grounds).
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The Atal Tunnel, which connects Manali to the Lahaul-Spiti valley, was constructed by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO), not the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). It is the world's longest highway tunnel above 10,000 feet.
Key Takeaway: The Border Roads Organisation functions under the administrative control of the Ministry of Defence and is responsible for constructing and maintaining strategic infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and tunnels (e.g., Atal Tunnel) in border areas.