The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Forces acting on an object are classified as balanced forces when the vector sum of all individual forces acting on the object is zero. According to Newton's First Law of Motion, the presence of balanced forces implies that there is no net external force to cause acceleration.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Balanced forces do not imply that an object must come to rest. If an object is already moving with a certain velocity, balanced forces ensure that it continues to move with that same velocity (uniform motion). To bring a moving object to rest, the velocity must change, which requires an unbalanced force.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Balanced forces produce zero acceleration. Consequently, they do not alter the object's current state. If the object is at rest, it remains at rest; if it is in motion, it continues in motion without changing speed or direction.
- Statement 3 is Correct. Force is a vector quantity possessing both magnitude and direction. When two forces of equal magnitude act on an object in opposite directions, they cancel each other out. The resultant or net force is zero.
Key Takeaway: Balanced forces result in a net force of zero (\( F_{net} = 0 \)). This condition maintains the object's equilibrium, meaning it neither accelerates nor decelerates, preserving its state of rest or uniform linear motion.