Correct Option
The correct option is
2 only
Explanation
Matter is composed of atoms and molecules. While atoms are the fundamental building blocks, their ability to exist independently depends on their electronic configuration and stability. Most elements form molecules to attain stability, whereas a specific group of elements remains monoatomic.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Under normal conditions, Noble gases (Group 18 elements like Helium, Neon, Argon, etc.), not Halogens, are the only elements that exist as independent atoms. Noble gases have stable electronic configurations (complete octets or duplets), rendering them unreactive and capable of independent existence. In contrast, Halogens (Group 17 elements like Fluorine, Chlorine, etc.) are highly reactive and typically exist as diatomic molecules (e.g., \(F_2\), \(Cl_2\)).
- Statement 2 is Correct: A molecule is defined as a group of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together. It exists as a distinct species capable of independent existence and retains the characteristic physical and chemical properties of the substance.
Key Takeaway
Noble gases are the only elements that exist as independent atoms (monoatomic) under normal conditions due to their stable electronic configurations. All other elements typically form molecules or metallic lattices to achieve stability.