The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The kinematics of an object undergoing free fall under the influence of Earth's gravity. This is a case of uniformly accelerated motion in a straight line.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. For an object falling vertically (free fall), the motion is rectilinear. The object moves in a straight line downwards towards the center of the Earth. Therefore, the direction of motion remains constant, not changing continuously.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The object is acted upon by the force of gravity, which produces acceleration. Consequently, the speed (magnitude of velocity) of the falling object increases continuously as it descends.
- Statement 3 is Correct. For small distances near the surface of the Earth, the acceleration due to gravity ($g$) is considered constant (approximately $9.8 \text{ m/s}^2$). It does not vary significantly with height for objects falling near the surface.
Key Takeaway:
In vertical free fall near the Earth's surface, the acceleration is constant, while the velocity changes (increases) continuously.