Correct Option
The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Humidity refers to the presence of water in its gaseous state within the atmosphere. The behavior of water vapour in the air is governed by principles of the gaseous state and liquid-vapour equilibrium, specifically the capacity of air to hold moisture at varying temperatures.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Humidity is defined as the amount of water vapour (water in the gaseous state) present in the air. Liquid water suspended in the air constitutes mist, fog, or clouds, but the term "humidity" strictly applies to the invisible gaseous phase.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Air has a definite capacity to hold water vapour at a specific temperature. This capacity increases as the temperature rises. When the air holds the maximum amount of water vapour possible at that temperature, it is said to be saturated.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The rate of evaporation is inversely proportional to the humidity of the surrounding air. Evaporation is the process by which a liquid turns into vapour. If the air already contains a high amount of water vapour (high humidity), its capacity to accept more moisture is reduced, thereby slowing down the rate of evaporation.
Key Takeaway: Humidity is strictly the measure of water vapour (gas), not liquid droplets. The capacity of air to hold this vapour is temperature-dependent, and high existing humidity hinders further evaporation.