The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Coal Gas is a gaseous mixture obtained during the processing of coal to get coke. It is primarily composed of hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, making it a combustible fuel.
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Coal gas was used for street lighting for the first time in London in the early 19th century (specifically around 1810), and in New York around 1820. The year 1950 is historically inaccurate, as electricity had largely replaced gas lighting by that time.
- Statement 2 is Correct: While its initial application was for illumination, modern usage has shifted. Nowadays, coal gas is primarily utilized as a source of heat rather than light, owing to its excellent combustible properties.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Coal gas is produced as a byproduct during the destructive distillation of coal. It is frequently used as a fuel in industries situated near coal processing plants to maximize energy efficiency and minimize transport costs.
Key Takeaway: Coal gas is a byproduct of coke production used historically for lighting (early 1800s) but currently serves as an industrial fuel for heat generation.