The correct option is All four pairs
Explanation
Vegetative propagation is a mode of asexual reproduction in plants where new individuals arise from vegetative parts such as roots, stems, and leaves, rather than from reproductive organs like flowers or seeds.Pair-wise Analysis:
- Pair 1 is correctly matched: Rose plants are widely propagated using stem cuttings. A section of the stem containing nodes is planted in the soil, where it develops adventitious roots and grows into a new plant.
- Pair 2 is correctly matched: Bryophyllum (Sprout Leaf Plant) propagates through leaf buds. Adventitious buds develop in the notches along the leaf margins. When the leaf falls on moist soil, these buds sprout into independent plants.
- Pair 3 is correctly matched: Sweet Potato is a modified tuberous root. Unlike the potato (which is a stem), the sweet potato is a root swollen with food reserves. It bears adventitious buds that can produce new shoots.
- Pair 4 is correctly matched: Ginger propagates via its underground stem, specifically known as a rhizome. The rhizome possesses nodes, internodes, and buds, which allow it to generate new aerial shoots and roots under favorable conditions.
Key Takeaway: In vegetative propagation, distinct plant parts serve as propagules: Sweet potato utilizes roots, Bryophyllum utilizes leaves, while Ginger and Rose utilize stems (rhizomes and cuttings, respectively).