The correct option is (a) 1 only.
Explanation
Spherical mirrors are classified into concave and convex mirrors based on their reflecting surfaces. A concave mirror converges light rays and is generally used to focus light or magnify images. A convex mirror diverges light rays and is used to provide a wider field of view.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Reflectors of torches, headlights of vehicles, and searchlights use concave mirrors. The light source (bulb) is placed at the focus of the mirror to obtain a powerful, parallel beam of light.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Rear-view mirrors in vehicles are convex mirrors. They are preferred because they always form an erect, diminished image, allowing the driver to view a much larger area (wider field of view) compared to a plane or concave mirror.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Surveillance mirrors in shops are convex mirrors. Similar to rear-view mirrors, they are designed to provide a wide field of view, enabling the monitoring of a large area from a single point.
Key Takeaway
Concave mirrors are used for focusing light (torches, solar furnaces) and magnification (shaving mirrors, dentist mirrors). Convex mirrors are used for wide-angle viewing (rear-view mirrors, surveillance mirrors).