NCERT Class 8 Political Science — Chapter 4: Judiciary

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Assertion (A): The judiciary in India plays a crucial role in the protection of Fundamental Rights. Reason (R): The Constitution empowers the Supreme Court and High Courts to issue writs for the enforcement of these rights.

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is (a).

Explanation

The Indian Constitution establishes an independent judiciary as the guardian of the Constitution and the protector of Fundamental Rights. This protective role is not merely declarative but is backed by specific enforcement mechanisms provided within the Constitution itself.

Analysis:

Assertion (A) is Correct: The judiciary acts as the custodian of Fundamental Rights, ensuring that the State does not violate the liberties guaranteed to citizens. The Supreme Court is specifically designated as the guarantor and defender of these rights.
Reason (R) is Correct: The Constitution explicitly empowers the Supreme Court (under Article 32) and the High Courts (under Article 226) to issue writs-Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo-Warranto-for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
Justification for Option (a): The Assertion states the role of the judiciary (protection of rights), and the Reason identifies the specific constitutional power (writ jurisdiction) that enables the judiciary to perform this role. The power to issue writs is the means by which the protection is enforced. Therefore, R is the correct explanation of A.

Key Takeaway: The Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) makes Fundamental Rights justiciable by empowering the judiciary to issue writs, thereby transforming the courts into effective protectors of individual liberty.

Your note

More from Chapter 4: Judiciary

Consider the following statements regarding the concept of the 'Rule of Law' in the Indian context: 1. The Rule of Law implies that laws apply equally to all persons without discrimination. 2. The Rule of Law allows the government to change legal procedures arbitrarily for different individuals. 3. The judiciary acts as an independent body to enforce the rule of law. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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The judiciary in India performs which of the following broad functions? 1. The judiciary is prohibited from resolving disputes between citizens. 2. The judiciary has the power of Judicial Review. 3. The judiciary is responsible for upholding the law and enforcing Fundamental Rights. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to 'Dispute Resolution' by the judiciary, the system provides a mechanism for resolving disputes between: 1. Disputes between citizens. 2. Disputes between citizens and the government. 3. Disputes between two or more state governments. 4. Disputes between the Centre and state governments. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding 'Judicial Review': 1. Judicial Review empowers the judiciary to strike down particular laws passed by the Parliament. 2. This power can be exercised only if the law is related to criminal justice. 3. It makes the Parliament the final interpreter of the Constitution. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding the Supreme Court of India: 1. The Supreme Court of India was established on 26 January 1950. 2. It was established to replace the High Courts of the Presidencies. 3. It was initially located in the Chamber of Princes in the Parliament House. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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The correct option is (a).

Explanation

Analysis:

Assertion (A) is Correct: The judiciary acts as the custodian of Fundamental Rights, ensuring that the State does not violate the liberties guaranteed to citizens. The Supreme Court is specifically designated as the guarantor and defender of these rights.
Reason (R) is Correct: The Constitution explicitly empowers the Supreme Court (under Article 32) and the High Courts (under Article 226) to issue writs-Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo-Warranto-for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
Justification for Option (a): The Assertion states the role of the judiciary (protection of rights), and the Reason identifies the specific constitutional power (writ jurisdiction) that enables the judiciary to perform this role. The power to issue writs is the means by which the protection is enforced. Therefore, R is the correct explanation of A.