NCERT Class 11 Science — Chapter 7: Locomotion and Movement

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Assertion (A): Cartilaginous joints allow for free movement in all directions. Reason (R): The joint between the adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column is of the cartilaginous type.

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is

A is false but R is true

Explanation

Joints are classified based on their structure and the degree of movement they permit. The three main structural classifications are fibrous (immovable), cartilaginous (slightly movable), and synovial (freely movable).

Statement-wise Analysis:

Assertion (A): Incorrect. Cartilaginous joints do not allow for free movement in all directions. In these joints, the bones are joined together by cartilage. They permit only limited movement (amphiarthrosis). Free movement in various directions is a characteristic of synovial joints, which possess a fluid-filled cavity between articulating surfaces.
Reason (R): Correct. The joints between the adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column are indeed cartilaginous joints. Specifically, the intervertebral discs composed of fibrocartilage connect the vertebrae, allowing for the limited flexibility required for the spine's movement and shock absorption.

Key Takeaway:

Cartilaginous joints (e.g., between vertebrae, pubic symphysis) allow limited movement, whereas Synovial joints (e.g., knee, shoulder) allow significant free movement.

Your note

More from Chapter 7: Locomotion and Movement

Consider the following pairs about hand bones and their counts: 1. Carpals-7 2. Metacarpals-5 3. Phalanges-14 4. Tarsals-8 How many pairs are correctly matched?

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Assertion (A): The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. Reason (R): The pectoral girdle consists of two bones: the clavicle and the scapula.

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The correct option is

A is false but R is true

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis:

Assertion (A): Incorrect. Cartilaginous joints do not allow for free movement in all directions. In these joints, the bones are joined together by cartilage. They permit only limited movement (amphiarthrosis). Free movement in various directions is a characteristic of synovial joints, which possess a fluid-filled cavity between articulating surfaces.
Reason (R): Correct. The joints between the adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column are indeed cartilaginous joints. Specifically, the intervertebral discs composed of fibrocartilage connect the vertebrae, allowing for the limited flexibility required for the spine's movement and shock absorption.

Key Takeaway:

Cartilaginous joints (e.g., between vertebrae, pubic symphysis) allow limited movement, whereas Synovial joints (e.g., knee, shoulder) allow significant free movement.