1937–1949
Explanation
The Federal Court of India was the judicial body established in India under the provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935. It served as the highest court in India, with original, appellate, and advisory jurisdiction, prior to the establishment of the Supreme Court of India.
Detailed Analysis:
- Establishment: The Federal Court was inaugurated on October 1, 1937, following the enactment of the Government of India Act, 1935.
- Operational Period: It functioned for approximately 12 years. Its jurisdiction and powers were transferred to the Supreme Court of India upon its inauguration on January 28, 1950.
- Comparison with Options:
- 1862: This year marks the establishment of the High Courts in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras, not the Federal Court.
- 1937–1949: This correctly represents the active tenure of the Federal Court before it was succeeded by the Supreme Court in 1950.
Key Takeaway:
The Federal Court of India was established in 1937 under the Government of India Act, 1935 and functioned until it was replaced by the Supreme Court of India in 1950.