(A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV) -> Let's match each concept correctly:
(A) Cardinal Utility (I): This approach assumes utility can be measured in absolute numerical terms (utils), allowing us to say one bundle provides '10 utils' versus another providing '5 utils'.
(B) Marginal Utility (III): By definition, marginal utility is the additional satisfaction (change in total utility) gained from consuming one more unit of a good.
(C) Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility (II): This fundamental economic principle states that as consumption increases, the additional satisfaction from each extra unit decreases (e.g., the first slice of pizza is more satisfying than the fifth).
(D) Marginal Rate of Substitution (IV): This represents the rate at which a consumer will trade one good for another while remaining on the same indifference curve (maintaining constant utility). The example perfectly illustrates trading mangoes for bananas while keeping total satisfaction unchanged. -> correct